Socio-economic determinants of the family history of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Pakistan

This article aims to assess the role of important socio-economic factors in the family history of tuberculosis patients in Pakistan. Data were collected from 269 patients, and a logistic regression was used to determine the association between risk factors and the vicious circle of TB. Results of the logistic model show that significant risk factors associated with TB history in patients were education, household size, house structure, rooms in the home, room ventilation, monthly income, income food sufficiency, smoking, diabetes, and heart disease. The current TB control programme needs to formulate strategies to target specific risk factors and poverty reduction simultaneously to break the vicious circle of tuberculosis.     

Reproductive health services: “Business-in-a-Box” as a model social innovation

Access to reproductive health services and products in remote and rural communities is a critical area of concern for developing countries. This article considers a pilot intervention in three districts of Pakistan where “Business-in-a-Box” as a model of place-based social innovation is used to improve the socio-economic conditions of women in remote rural settings through socially responsible micro-franchising. It finds that such programmes help build a sense of community, ownership and grassroots capabilities and skills. The article also discusses the impacts of such actions on the individual and community life, and the need to upscale and sustain these initiatives.     

Facilitating industrial symbiosis programmes in developing countries: reflections from Gauteng,South Africa

This viewpoint reflects on how to improve the process of introducing facilitated industrial symbiosis programmes (FISPs) to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries. Although FISPs are a long-established industrial practice, their formal introduction to SMEs in developing countries has only recently begun, mostly through support from international development agencies. Based partly on anecdotal evidence from Gauteng, South Africa, we identify six key questions which need to be addressed to improve the process of facilitating FISPs.     

论罪犯改造中的情感及教育

罪犯在改造中的一般情感特点有:不良的心境;消极的激情;缺乏社会性情感。罪犯情绪发生的心理机制有以境生情和以情生情两种模式。实施情感教育是对罪犯进行人格改造的一种有效方式,但必须注意情感教育的艺术化。     

法经济学视角下的转轨期的中国立法

本文针对转轨期的中国立法,采用法经济学的成本效益的比较分析方法,探讨了计划经济向市场经济转型过程中的矛盾冲突,分析了传统管制向公共规制和立法博弈发展的理论和现实。     

从国家社科基金立项项目看法学研究状况——一种知识社会学的视角

通过对1993-2004年来国家社会科学基金立项的法学类项目类立项资助项目相关指标的分析,来展现我国目前法学学术生产格局的大致状况及其背后动因;并通过与经济学社科基金立项项目的比较以及对法学类社科基金立项项目在社科基金项目中所占比例等数据的分析,来呈视法学作为一门独立学科在整个人文社会科学界的地位变迁,以及这种变迁背后的权力———知识格局。     

构建和谐社会要努力搞好社会保障工作

构建和谐社会,需要搞好社会保障工作。共产党对构建和谐社会与搞好社会保障工作进行了理论探索,我们研究社会保障工作实践中的问题,提出解决问题的思路、对策,有助于构建和谐社会。     

正确运用激励机制

研究我国企业人力资源管理的具体实践,结合国外企业人力资源管理的模式,构建具有中国特色的企业人力资源管理模式。     

超越“Trade off”——对公平与效率的几点新思考

目前对于公平和效率问题的讨论 ,已经陷入了一种困境。其原因是多方面的 ,且这种困境将继续下去。在简要回顾了已有理论的基础上 ,本文着重提出了关于公平效率问题讨论的直角坐标系图法 ,构建了度量社会公平程度的社会公平系数 ,衡量社会在公平和效率上存在问题的社会总体问题指数 ,以及衡量不同政策、不同国家、地区、社会等公平和效率达致程度并使之能够相互比较的社会公平效率总体效应指数。     

福建省明溪县新移民社会调查

本文在实地调查的基础上,分析了福建"旅欧第一县"明溪县内陆新侨乡的形成、发展过程.针对我国改革开放后不断涌现的新移民现象,注重从一个新兴侨乡的视角来剖析新移民产生的原因及对当地社会所产生的影响,并力图寻求伴随新移民现象产生的诸多问题解决的方式、方法.